Samuel



No. 18.131. ,l

` s. c. BlsHoP.

Telegraph Wire.

Patented Sept. 8,1857.

SAMUEL C. BSHUP, 0F NEW YRK, El. Y.

IMPROVEMENT lil INSULATED 'iELEGiiiPiiC WlRES lNCLOSEE EN METALLIC TUBilG.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. gtlli il., dated September 8, 1857.

To all lwhom t may concern;

Be it known that I, SAMUEL C. BISHOP, of the city, county, and State of N ew York, have invented a new and useful Protectedlnsulated Electric and Galvanic Conductor, and new und useful Improvements in the Process and Machinery for making the san1e,of which the following is a specification.

My new article consists of wire insulated by a covering of gotta-percha or india-rubber, firmly inclosed in a coating of lead or other ductile metal.'

My new process, in giving a metallic coa-t to the gum which covers andinsulates the wire, consists in arresting the progress of caloric conducted from the hot metal receiving it into 'and'con-veying it off by a uuid-cansedtotlow in a current through a suitable vessel or vessels between the lead and the insulated wire, to prevent the caloric passing into and heating'the insulating-gum, thereby keeping the gum coating cool as it and the melted metal more along on opposite sides of substances which would otherwise furnish au easy passuge of the caloric from the metal to the gum, thus securing the proper relative temperature of the hot metal andthe cold gum while they are moving in the saine direction toward and by the time they reach the point of union, by

the action of an interposed current of iiuid.-

For this process Letters Patent were granted to me dated the 9th day of June, 1857.

My improvement inthe machine employed in my said process to produce my said manu- -facture consists of a combination* f tubes or other 'equivalent conductors for a current of iiuid with the die. A f

The whole machine used consists, essentially, of a tube through which the insulated wire passes, a second tube surrounding the first and forming annnnular ring or spacebetween the two for the circulation of fluid, a hollow point at the end of the last-mentioned tube of a caliber of such size that the insulated wire being coated with gotta-perche, or india-rubber will passfreeiybutcloselythrough it, a plunger filling thelead-'chatnber, and with a hole in it to receive the outer tube, and a lead-chamber with a hopper to receive the lead, a die into which the point of the outer tube just enters, leavin g a suicient space around it to allow the ylead to pass into the die and around the gum, an inlet and outlet at the end of the tubes opposite to that of the die for admission and emission of the current of duid, and all separated by a suitable frame-work and connected with a hydraulic press, as hereinafter described.

l. will new describe my invention and the parts thereof, its operation, more in dedetail, reference being had to the drawings hereto annexed, in all of the figures of which like numbers and lilr'e letters represent like parts.

Figure l is a side elevation of the machine. Fig., 2 is a vertical section. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section of a piece of the new manufacture., Fig. 4' is a transverse section of 'the saine.,

v A is frame or table supporting 'the cylin-v form a shoulder or tlange, for the purpose of being taken hold of by the clamps or supports D is the bottom to the lead-cylinder, and is securely bolted to the cylinder by the bolts l l, so as to resist the downward pressure of the ram.

j F is a die tted into the bottom D, which die I make circular on the outside, and on the inside it may be of any form in which it is desired to have the outside coating afterV finirshed; but it is most commonly usedand in the drawings it is represented circular on the inside, with a borelarge enough to allow of a coating of lead sufciently thick to form around the guin which covers the wire. y

Jis atnbeorconductor passing down through the machine from the top ofthe die, terminating at the end in a hollow steel point, 2, of the proper` form and size to allow the wire with its coat of guru to pass easily through it, but at the saine time not so loosely as to allow water to pass between the gum and the inner surface of this point. The distance of this point from or into the die can he regulated by means oi' the nut lc screwed onto the tube J and reste satan' ingaan-achete of the cylinder H. The 1101.`

low steel point2 and the die F are both movabie,- so that any others can be substituted adapted to any form and size of the insulated wire.

o is a tube extending through the bore of the tube J, from near the lower end of it-say from 4-to and out of the top of it, and terminating in the bottom. of the cup l, to which it is soldered or otherwise attached, and communicates with the inside of thecup. The bottom of this cup l is screwed upon the upper end of the tube J. The insulated wire 5 is to 4 to low through it, and the relative size of the tube J and the tube o must be such as to'leave an annular space betweenA them also wide enough for the circulation of uid.

The tube m communicates with the waterspace between the two tubes, and the tube n communicates with the inside of the cup l, and through that with the inner tube, o, so that if the water be forced into the tube m it will travel down the water-space between the tubes until it reaches the bottom ofthe inner tube at 4, where, passing under that tube, it will enter the space between the sides of the inner tube and the 'gum on the wire, and travel up that space tothe top and be delivered into the cup l, and thence run ofi through the tube u; or., if water be forced down through the inner tube, it, .traveling the opposite direction from that described, willI be discharged from the tube m, and in either case there will be a current of water preventing the insulatinggum from being heated. y

The article, as it comes from the die through the bottom D, should be received into cold water ,to thoroughly cool it as fast as formed. Other fluids may be used instead of water,v

but water is best.

The mode and means of operating is as follows: A current of water or other fluid is started through the water-courses, as described. The wire covered with the gum is entered into the inner tube through the bottom of the cup l and pushed down untilitenters the die F. The melted metal is then poured into the recess M.

yThe ram E is then forced down by hydraulic insulated wire in succession is caused to-pass. the point where the metal leaves the steelpoint 2, and is therefore at that point exposed to the action of the metal, and this, too, after `the 'proper condition of temperature has been obtained between them. In this process it is obvious that to su'bject'the gum which insuvlates the wire to the heat which, unarrested,

would be communicated to it from the lead through the tubes would practically destroy the gum. j

Theconditions and operations inreference to temperature, and the method of keeping the gum at alow temperature whilel the lead around the outer tube, when pressed into the chamber, must be of a high temperature, and the process of disposing of the surplus caloric is as follows:

The tube J being a good conductor,when the hot lead comes in contact with it readily and rapidly conducts caloric from the lead to the inside surface of the tube. Along this inside surface ofthe tube is constantly flowing the current of water which enters cold at the end of the tube. This water receives the caloric from the inner surface of the tube J and bears it on with it to the place of exit, where it is thrown out with the waste water, and thus, to render it practicable to passithe lead hot along and against the outer surface of the tube J, and the gum to remain cold while being passed in the same direction through the tube o, a proper agent is kept traveling between the lead and the gum to intercept the caloric in its transit from the hot toward the cold body, and to ca'rry it away without the injury which its further pressure would cause.

Thel ram or plunger E may be operated by any power suificientforthat purpose; but hydraulic pressure is most. eiicient, and when this is used the ordinary hydraulic press must be adapted to and combined with the other parts described, as shown in the drawings, where H is the water-cylinder G is the piston with ahole through it for the tubes above described operating-upon the plunger, and for that purpose may beattached to the ram or plunger E; or the piston and plunger may be made in one piece. I is a packing-ring bolted firmly on the -lower end of the cylinder H to form a bottom to the annular space 6 outside of the piston. t This space is packed top and bottom to make it water-tight. As the tube J passes through the piston and out of the top of thecylinder H itis exposed to the lwater between the top of the piston and head ofthe cylinder H, and therefore requires to be suitably packed to make the joints water-tight. This may be done by the cup-packing, as shown in the drawings, S being the leather and 9 metallic plates holding the leather by the screws 10. v

The pipe Pis to conduct the water into the cylinder H.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent on this app1ication, is-

The larticle above described, as a new manufacture, consisting of wire insulated by a covering of gutta-percha or india-rubber firmly inclosedin a coating of lead or otherductile metal.

SBIL, C. BISHP. Y

Witnesses: l

GEaAaDUs U, KING, MILEs B. ANnaUs. 

